Ingenious Inventions Vol I
LIGHTBULB
What it does: Provides light by means of a glowing filament inside a glass globe, powered by electricity.
Inventor: Thomas A. Edison
Place: Menlo Park, New Jersey.
Patent Date: January 27, 1880
ARTIFICIAL HEART
What it does: Assists or replaces the functions of a human heart.
Inventor: Willem J. Kolff
Place: Salt Lake City, Utah.
Patent Date: February 15, 1972
TELEPHONE
What it does: Enables people to contact one another and communicate verbally over long distances.
Inventor: Alexander Graham Bell
Place: Salem, Massachusetts
Patent Date: March 7, 1876
HELICOPTER
What it does: This compact, versatile, rotor-powered flying machine is capable of taking off and landing without the need for a runway, moving in multiple directions at variable speeds, flying close to the ground, and carrying passengers and cargo for relatively long distances.
Inventor: Igor I. Sikorsky
Place: Nichols, Connecticut
Patent Date: March 19, 1935
SUBMARINE
What it does: A submarine is an airtight and pressurized vessel for manned travel deep beneath the ocean's surface over a prolonged period. Submarines have been used in warfare as well as for various kinds of biological and oceanographic research.
Inventor: Simon Lake
Place: Pleasantville, New Jersey
Patent Date: April 20, 1897
CAMERA
What it does: Captures live, still images on film, which can then be printed on paper and preserved as "photographs"
Inventor: Alexander S. Wolcott
Place: New York, New York.
Patent Date: May 8, 1840
NUCLEAR REACTOR
What it does: This device initiates and controls a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction, and the massive amount of energy produced is typically used for power generation- but it has also been used as a weapon of mass destruction. The neutrons and fission byproducts are used for various military, experimental, and medical purposes.
Inventor: Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard
Place: Santa Fe, Nuevo Mexico and Chicago, Illinois
Patent Date: May 17, 1855
AIRPLANE
What it does: Enables human beings to travel by means of flight
Inventors: Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright.
Place: Dayton, Ohio.
Patent Date: May 22,1906
PENICILLIN
What it does: Provides a practical, commercially viable way to mass-produce penicillin for use as an antibiotic.
Inventor: Andrew J. Moyer
Place: Peoria, Illinois
Patent Date: May 25, 1948
DYNAMITE
What it does: This relatively safe and effective explosive can create controlled, focused explosions of various intensities, for the purpose of demolition.
Inventor: Alfred Nobel
Place: Stockholm, Sweden.
Patent Date: May 26, 1868
VULCANIZATION OF RUBBER
What it does: Provides a method of producing a durable rubber material, especially for the manufacture of auto and other tires.
Inventor: Charles Goodyear
Place: New York, New York.
Patent Date: June 15, 1844
TELEGRAPH
What it does: Offers a system to relay audible messages by means of code over long distances via electromagnetic waves.
Inventor: Samuel F. B. Morse
Place: New York, New York.
Patent Date: June 20, 1840
TYPEWRITER
What it does: Prints uniform characters onto paper by means of a system of push buttons that activate metal dies that impress an ink-infused ribbon onto the paper.
Inventor: C. Latham Sholes, Carlos Glidden, and Samuel W. Soule
Place: Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Patent Date: May 23, 1868
INTERNATIONAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
What it does: Provides an apparatus for igniting gas-motor engines in which the charge is subject to compression before ignition. Otto's engine is the prototype of the combustion engine. The piston draws in and compresses a gas-air mixture inside a closed container. A spark ignites the mixture and it explodes.
Inventor: Nikolaus August Otto
Place: Deutz-on-the-Rhine, Germany
Patent Date: June 28, 1887
ROCKET
What it does: This self-contained projectile propels itself into sustained flight through a series of combustions.
Inventor: Robert H. Goddard
Place: Worcester, Massachusetts
Patent Date: July 7, 1914
What it does: Provides a strong material for construction of tall buildings and other massive structures.
Inventor: Henry Bessemer
Place: London, United Kingdom
Patent Date: July 25, 1865
What it does: Provides a safer means of refrigerating perishables, to keep food safe, edible, and appetizing for longer periods.
Inventor: Charles F. Kettering
Place: Dayton, Ohio
Patent Date: November 1, 1932
DNA FINGERPRINTING
What it does: A person's DNA pattern is as distinctive as a fingerprint. Being able to create a genetic "fingerprint" from a DNA sample provides a definitive means of identification that can be used for paternity and maternity testing, in criminal investigations, or in forensic medicine.
Inventor: Alec J. Jeffreys
Place: Leicester, United Kingdom.
Patent Date: December 29, 1992
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